汉语谈判中的模糊语言【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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Chapter 1 Introduction1

1.1 Motivation for the study1

1.2 Purpose of the study3

1.3 Approach and methodology4

1.4 Organization of the book5

Chapter 2 Theoretical foundations6

2.1 Definitions of VL6

2.2 The development of VL studies7

2.3 Linguistic vagueness9

2.3.1 VL as an integral part of language9

2.3.2 Pragmatic roles of VL11

2.3.3 Interactive aspects of VL13

2.4 Business communication and VL15

2.4.1 Business communication15

2.4.2 The use of VL in business communication18

2.5 VL in social contexts22

2.6 Other perspectives of VL studies23

2.7 Conversation Analysis25

Chapter 3 Methodology29

3.1 Data collection29

3.2 Data analysis31

3.3 Coding system33

Chapter 4 Analysis of parts of speech at the lexical level37

4.1 Negotiation 137

4.1.1 Parts of speech of the VEs37

4.1.2 Lexical analysis42

4.1.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 143

4.2 Negotiation 244

4.2.1 Parts of speech of the VEs44

4.2.2 Lexical analysis49

4.2.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 250

4.3 Negotiation 350

4.3.1 Parts of speech of the VEs50

4.3.2 Lexical analysis54

4.3.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 355

4.4 Negotiation 455

4.4.1 Parts of speech of theVEs55

4.4.2 Lexical analysis59

4.4.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 459

4.5 Negotiation 560

4.5.1 Parts of speech of theVEs60

4.5.2 Lexical analysis64

4.5.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 564

4.6 Summarizing remarks65

4.6.1 General discussion65

4.6.2 Social factor comparison66

Chapter 5 Combinational analysis at the lexical level70

5.1 Pre-vaguefiers70

5.2 Vague expressions87

5.3 Post-vaguefiers95

5.4 Summarizing remarks104

Chapter 6 Vagueness at the syntactic level108

6.1 Negotiation 1109

6.1.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness109

6.1.2 Syntactic analysis111

6.1.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 1111

6.2 Negotiation 2111

6.2.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness112

6.2.2 Syntactic analysis113

6.2.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 2113

6.3 Negotiation 3113

6.3.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness114

6.3.2 Syntactic analysis115

6.3.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 3115

6.4 Negotiation 4115

6.4.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness116

6.4.2 Syntactic analysis117

6.4.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 4118

6.5 Negotiation 5118

6.5.1 Frequency of types of syntactical vagueness118

6.5.2 Syntactic analysis120

6.5.3 Overall findings of Negotiation 5120

6.6 Summarizing remarks120

Chapter 7 Pragmatic analysis125

7.1 Self-protection126

7.1.1 Contextualized analysis126

7.1.2 Social factor comparison132

7.2 Deliberately withholding information133

7.2.1 Contextualized analysis134

7.2.2 Social factor comparison138

7.3 Politeness139

7.3.1 Contextualized analysis140

7.3.2 Social factor comparison145

7.4 Informality147

7.4.1 Contextualized analysis148

7.4.2 Social factor comparison152

7.5 Filling in lexical gaps154

7.5.1 Contextualized analysis155

7.5.2 Social factor comparison158

7.6 Giving the right amount of information160

7.6.1 Contextualized analysis160

7.6.2 Social factor comparison163

7.7 Summarizing remarks165

Chapter 8 Sequential analysis of VL168

8.1 Sequential organization using VL168

8.1.1 Analysis of sequential organization169

8.1.2 Summary of sequential organization181

8.2 Sequential strategies through the employment of VL184

8.2.1 Analysis of sequential strategies185

8.2.2 Summary of sequential strategies192

8.3 Summarizing remarks195

Chapter 9 Conclusions and implications199

9.1 Lexical patterns of VL199

9.2 Syntactic forms of VL200

9.3 Pragmatic functions of VL201

9.4 Interaction using VL201

9.5 The influence of social factors203

9.6 Implications203

9.6.1 Chinese business communication204

9.6.2 Chinese language education204

9.6.3 Intercultural communication204

9.6.4 Professional training205

References207